Puppy Play is one of the most widely recognised branches of Animal Roleplay, in which a participant adopts a canine persona — typically a young dog — expressed through posture, gesture, gear such as a Pup Hood and Pup Mitts, and interactions with a Handler. Puppy Play spans playful, ceremonial and long-term expressions, and has developed its own community life through Packs, Puppy Moshes, contests and gatherings.

Puppy Play crystallised as a distinct subculture within the Leather community during the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, drawing on earlier fetish and D/s traditions. It has since grown into a global scene with its own titles, gear makers and educational events.

Practices within Puppy Play vary widely between regions and Packs. The Lexicon records shared vocabulary rather than any single Pack's conventions.